But the lumped-RLC method has the serious disadvantage that it can take excessive computation time.

Using many segments to represent the line leads to a large matrix size in the circuit simulator, and this increases the amount of time taken for simulation.

If few segments are used, however, spurious responses can result in the simulated waveforms, as shown in the diagram.

The waveform at the extreme left was obtained using the convolution technique, to be described later.

The other three waveforms were obtained using the lumped-RLC method using 20, 40 and 320 segments respectively.

The spurious oscillations in the lumped-RLC waveforms can be seen easily.

It can also be seen that the improvement of the waveform with respect to the number of segments used is slow.