Creating shapes with substitution rules (L-systems)
or with evolutionary (genetic) algorithms.

Paper Presentations by Harlan Hile and Chris Spitzer

Alvy Ray Smith "Plants, Fractals, and Formal Languages" SIGGRAPH'84, pp 1-7
Lindenmayer-Systems: Web Pages:

• Introduction to L-Systems
• Tutorial on L-Systems
• L-Systems
• L-System Generator
• Three-dimensional L-systems
• L-System Plant Geometry Generator
• Biological Modeling and Visualization
• Modeling and Visualization of Biological Structures
• Nerves: Sample L-System Digital Biota
• L-system Software

• In what respect are L-systems/graftals not fractal ?
• What are some of the key restrictions for objects generated by L-systems ?

Karl Sims "Artificial Evolution for Computer Graphics" SIGGRAPH'91, pp 319-328
E. Bedwell and D. Ebert "Artificial Evolution of Implicit Surfaces SIGGRAPH'98 Sketch

• How can mutations of the genotype be implemented in simulated evolution ?
• How can one enhance the probability of getting good/desirable results sooner rather than later ?

Assignment: Prepare your final project presentations
Read the format guidelines in Lecture#29.